Exhaust-steam injector



.May 20, 1930. H. DEUTSCH EXHAUST STEAM INJECTOR 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 15, 1927 IN V EN TOR.

ATTORNEY.

May 20; 1930.

Filed Sept. 15, 1927 -3 Sheets-Sheet 2 J E I;

Hans fl-wli'rc INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY.

May 20,- 1930. H. DEUTSCH EXHAUST STEAM INJECTOR 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Sept. 15

VI! M INVENTOR.

A T TORNE Y.

Patented May 20, 1930,

UNITED, STATES PATENT @FFICE HANS DEUTSCH, OF VIENNA, AUSTRIA EXHAUST-STEADI v INJECTOR- Application filed S eptember15', 1927, Serial No. 219,739, and in Austria flctcber 2,1926.

The invention refers to locomotive injectors operating with both exhaust and live steam and arranged above the water level so that the water must be raised by suction; and has for its purpose to insure the starting and the operating of this type of injector under all conditions so that the water will be lifted with certainty even when, on account of leaks in the valves, air or steam reaches the 10 injector through the exhaust steam pipe.

According to the invention this is accomplished by means of aseparate lifting cone or nozzlewhich is operated with live steam and surroundsthe exhaust steam nozzle so that it acts on the same space as the exhaust steam 'nozzle'itself, by which arrangement the immediate starting of the injector as well as its certain function is assured irrespective of whether exhaust steam is available or not. Itis understood that in order to have the apparatus function when there is no exhaust v, steam, a shifting device is required, operated either by hand or automatically, by which expanded live steam is carried to the exhaust steam nozzle in placeofthe exhaust steam. In the present instance separate starting and shifting arrangements are necessary on account of the increased number of the steam paths which must be controlled and onaccount of the necessity of controlling the steam flow to the lifting nozzle so that whenthe inectoris started the lifting nozzlemayalways be supplied with live steam and that during normal operation with exhaust steam the passage to it may be closed. I

A perfectly simultaneous closing of the locomotive throttle or regulator and of the exhaust valve not being possible, it can not be avoided that in the moment of the closing the throttle air or smoke is sucked in from the exhaust nozzle tip whose entrance will cause the breaking of the injector if the live steam nozzle only. is being used. According to the present invention live steam is, therefore, carried through the lifting nozzle also at the time of closing the main throttle, such steam not only insuring the suction of the appara tus when the main throttle is closed, but also essentially replacing the exhaust steam.

- The live steam, which in exhaust steam injectors as hitherto used, enters the exhaust steam nozzle after having been expanded down to about exhaust steam pressure, is, therefore, in the present apparatus allowed to expand down farther than hitherto, that a is to say, down to about atmosphere. This is done by means of a channel or duct lead-' steam paths or the shifting from live steam to exhaust steam and vice versa is also performed'manually butin a simpler manner than in the arrangement shown in Fig. 1; Figs. At and 5 show an exhaust steam injector in which the shifting from live to exhaust 1 steam and vice versa is automatic.

The exhaust steam injector chosen as an illustrative example, and to which the pres ent invention has been applied, is of the type disclosed. in United States Patents 944,455 and 1,3e2,128 granted December 28, 1909 and June'l, 1920 respectively, to J. Metcalfe et al., but it is understood that the invention may equally well be applied to other forms ofexhaust steam injectors.

The injector consists of a housing 1 witha number of aligned nozzles, that is, live steam nozzle 7 which is in communication with the live steam, pipe 2 leading from the boiler; the main exhaust steam nozzle 8 which opens from the exhaust steam space 3; Water nozzle 10, arranged beyond the water space 4; sec-; ondary exhaust steam nozzle 11 in communication with the exhaust steam space 3 byway V of passage 12; combining'nozzle 13; and delivery nozzle 14. WVater space 4. overflow space 5 and pressure space 6 together with the nozzles are arranged in the ordinary manner.

According to the present invention, a further annular live steam nozzle (lifting or suc tion nozzle) '9 is added which surrounds the exhaust steam nozzle and is in communication by means ofthe channel 20 with the live steam passage 2'from the boiler. The admissionof the live steamto the live steam nozzle 7 is controlled by the valve 15 while the admissionrtothelifting or second live steam nozzle is controlled by the valve 16.

'From a point in the passage 20 beyond the valve 16 a duct 18 opens into the exhaust steam space, the smallest cross-section of this duct being smaller than about of the small-' est cross-sectional area of the exhaust steam rnozzle 8. This dimension of the smallest crossrsection-results from the fact that the pressure existing in the exhauststeam space is about equal to atmospheric. 7

The function of the arrangement described 7 V is as follows:

When the injector is startedthe exhaust steam valve 17 is always closed to beginw th. The two valves 15 and 16 are now opened so that steam flows through the live steam nozit zle 7 and through the channel 20 and the suc-.

tion nozzle 9. The latter-acts directly upon.

the Water space so that-small amounts of exhaust steam which may have penetrated on account of leaks in the exhaust steam valve or of Waste gases do 'not interfere with the suckingaction of the injector. Tater enters through the-pipe 19 into the water space 4 I of the apparatus and is forced from there on as in the usual injector. The injector then works like alive steam injector, small amounts of steam passing intothe' exhaust steamspace through thechannel '18 as long as valve 16 is open, such amounts beingregulated by the accurate dimensioning of'the duct, mentionedabove, and maintaining a suitable pressure in the exhaust steam space.

When the-locoinotive'is working and the throttle .is open, in other words, when there is exhaust steam available, valve 16 is closed and valve 17 is opened. The steam path to the suction nozzle 9 is, therefore, closed and the path to the exhaust steam nozzle 8 is open for the exhaust steam. In the arrangement according to Figs. 2

and 3, the manipulation of the injector is simplified in so far asthe starting as well as the shifting. of the apparatus is effected with only two handles. In these figures,20r and 21 sig nify the live steam conduit leadingto the suction nozzle 9, a manually'operated valve 16-being inserted in this conduit which when closed shuts 0H thepath to the suct on valve at the same time 'actuatlng andopening the haust steam nozzle 8. In this form a duct 18 of the injector while live steam is flowing to the suction-nozzle 9. If the steam valve 15 is open, the injector will Work with exhaust with exhaust steam. a V In, the arran ement according to Figs. 4

instrument.

steam and live steam or with live steam alone according to whether the valve 16 is closed (17' having thereby been opened) or is in its open position. a V 1 I Fig. 2 shows the several valves in the posi} tion they occupy when the injector works without exhaust steam, While Fig. '3 shows them as they stand when the injector 'works and 5 the shiftingf'rom live steam to exhaust steam and vice versa during theoperation of the lnjector'is not performed manually but automatically, use being made of the pressure change which occurs 1n the valve chest or 1n the pipe leadlng from the boilerto the valve chest upon an opening or closing movement of thelocomotive regulator. In Figs. 4- and 5, 24 designates a steam passage into which live steam can enter after valve '25 has'been opened; 26 designates a valveexposed to the pressure of the live steam in the passage 24; 27 designates a pipe line connected to the valve chest or the steam pipe; 28, a valve exposed to the pressure of the steam in the pipe 27-. The valves 26 and 28 have oppositely facing valve seats and oneofthese valves is always open when the other s closed mas much as'each of them on seating actuates the other and opens 1t. The two valves could be connected to each other by means of a sink gle stem. Both valves control communication to a space 29 which is closed against the. passage 20 when valve 16, shown in the present instance asa double seated valve,-re'sts on its lower seat, as in Fig. 4. W 11. en this valve lfirests on its upper seat, in Fig. 5, the

ioc

space 29 and the passage 27 fromthe'valve' chest are in communicatlon with'the live steam passage 20, while passage 21 is closed off from the live steam passage 20. Valve 16, 1n movlnginto the position shown in F1g. 5,

has transfei'red;its motion, to the exhaust steam valve 17 and. opened it so that exhaust steam can reach the exhaust steam space 3 of Y the injector and flowithencel to the exhaust steam nozzles. The manipulation and action" of the arrangement shown in Figs. tand 5 is asfollows: To beginwith, the valve 15 is slightly opened, allowing live steam to flow to the live steam nozzle 7 and through passages 20 and 21 to the suction nozzle 9; The m ce tor thereupon immediately starts. 'lVhen the valve 15 is opened further it pulls along the drag valve 25 and live steam .will flow through passage 24 anclforce valve 26 to its f the regulator of the. locomotive 1s 7 seat. 7

closed and therefore no" pressure exists in the valve chest, thepassage 27 and space 29 are also devoid of pressure. Valve 16 will rest on its lower-seat and'exhaust valve 17 will be closed. Small amounts of live 'steamwill thenflow through passagec18 into space 3. The injector is now working as a live steam V If now the regulator of the locomotive is opened, steam from the valve chest will flow through 27 to the space 29, raise valve 16, press it to its upper seat and at the same time open exhaust steam valve 17. The valves will then occupy the position shown in Fig. 5. The injector, is, therefore, operated with'exhaust steam. The valve 28 operates as a check valve to prevent the admission of exhaust steam and live steam to the injector when the engine regulator is open and it is not. desired to operate the injector; 7 Without valve 28 the opening of the engine regulator, assuming the injector to be shut off, would permit steam from the engine pipe 27 to lift valve 16 to'its upper seat thereby opening exhaust valve 17 and allowing exhaust" steam to enter; space 3. The live steam from passage 27 would also passfrom the space 29 through the passage 20 to the nozzle 7.

As constructed, valve 28 is seated and valve 26 is lifted from its seat when the engine is running and the injector is shut oif. If .under these conditions the injector is started by opening valves15 and 25, the admission of live steam through passage 24 permits live steam to reach the valve 16 and seat it in its upper position to cause exhaust steam opera I I injector either bylive steam from the conduit 24 or from the engine pipe 27, depending upon the conditions obtaining at the time the injector is started. If the injector is started when exhaust steam is not available, valve 26 will be closed by the-steam admitted to conduit 24 leaving valve 28 open for the admission of operating steam to shift the injector to exhaust steam operation when the engine regulator is opened. If, on the other hand, the engine is in operation before the injector is started, the valve 28 will be seated and valve 26 open so that upon the starting of the injector live steam from conduit 24 will immediately lift the valve 16 and open the exhaust valve 17.

It will be obvious that the proportions of valves 26 and 28 may be varied so that the admission of steam to conduit 24 would serve to close valve 26 even though valve 28 were closed at the time, due to pressure in the steam pipe 27. This would cause no change in the functioning of the apparatus as the unseating of valve 28 under these conditions would permit steam from pipe 27 to lift valve 16 in the same manner as would occur if the valve 26 remained open and steam from conduit 24 lifted valve 16. The salient feature ofthe valve arrangement controlling steam flow through conduit 24 and pipe 27 is that steam must be supplied to both of these conduits at the same time before operating steam is permitted to pass to valve 16. Valve 16 is provided with two cylindrical extensions extending respectively upward and downward into the two valve openings so that a predetermined pressure difference exists between the passage 20 and that'space into which the valve 16 opens at any given time.

I claim: I

1. In an injector of the class described, the

combination of alined live steam, exhaust steam, water, combining, and delivery nozzles, and a second live steam nozzle surroundsure.

4. Inan injector of the class described, the combination of alined exhaust steam, water,- combining and delivery nozzles, two live steam nozzles one of which extends into. and the other of which surrounds the exhaust steam nozzle, an exhauststeam space in communica tion with the exhaust nozzle, a valve controlling the admission of exhaust steam to said space, conduits to supply live steam'to the live steam nozzles, a valve controlling the admission of live steamto the second named live steam nozzle and so arranged that its closing movement opens said exhaust steam valve. 1 i c 5. In an injector of the class described, the combination of alined exhaust steam, water, a second exhaust steam, combining and de livery nozzles, two live steam nozzles, one of which extends into and the other of which surrounds the first exhaust steam nozzle, an exhaust steam space incommunication with the two exhaust steam nozzles, a valve controlling the admission of exhaust steam to said space, conduits to supply livev steam to the live steam nozzles, a valve controlling the admission of the live steam to the second named live steam nozzle and so arranged thatits closing movement opens said exhaust steam valve.

6. In an injector of the class described, the combination of alined live steam, exhauststeam, water, combining and delivery nozzles, a second live steam nozzle surrounding the exhaust steam nozzle; an exhaust steam space in communication with the ex haust steam nozzle; a valve controlling the admission of exhaust steam to said space; a live steam space in communication with the first live steam nozzle; a main live steam valve controlling admission of live steam to said space; a conduit from said space to the secondlive steam nozzle; a pressure actuated valve controlling'this conduit and s0 arranged that when it closes the conduit it opens the exhaust steam valve; a conduit from said live steam chamber to supply steam tooperate the pressure actuated valve,-said conduit being controlled by a valve connected'tothe' main livesteam valve by a delayed operation conmotion; a conduitfrom-the steam chest to supply operating steam for the pressure actu- V ated valve; and valve means in the two last- .named conduits each tending to close with the steam flow and so arranged that the closing of either opens the other,'whereby the pressure actuated valve is closed only when both said'conduits are supplied with steam.

, 7. In an injector of the'class described, the

f combination of a main low pressure steam V nozzle, valve controlled conduits for admitting exhaust steam vfrom"anengine and live steam to said nozzle,a pressure actuated valve arranged to admit exhaust steam and l1ve P steam through said conduits in alternation on1y,,a conduit connected to asource of live steam forsupplyin'g operating steam to said ;pressure actuated valve, a manually controlled valve'in said conduit, a conduit from I the engine supply line'to" supply-operating steam for the pressure-actuated valve,;and V valve means in thetwo last named conduits each tending to close with the steam flow and so arranged'that the closing ofeither opens the other.

tion only, "a conduit from the engine supply 8. In an exhaust steam injector control system,a pressure operated valve foradmitti ng exhaust steam from an engine and live steam at reduced pressure to the injector in alternaline to supply operating steam tosaid pressure actuated valve, a second conduit from a source of live steam to supply operating steam to said pressure actuated valve,'a valve for controlling the admission of steam-to said second conduit, and interacting valve means located in said conduits and arranged to per-' mit operating steam toreach said pressure actuated valve only when both conduits are supplied with steam.

, zles, a secondlive steam nozzle surrounding the exhauststeam nozzle, and means to opa 9. In an injector of the classldescribed, the

combination of alined live steam, exhaust steam, water, combining, and del very nozerate the second live steam IlOZZlOWitll live steam to start the injector and thereafter to interrupt the supply of live steam to it.

HANS DEUTSCH. 

